19 de diciembre // efemérides

19 de diciembre de 2008
MARK FELT - GARGANTA PROFUNDA.


Fue la pieza clave para la caída de Richard Nixon de la presidencia de los Estados Unidos, allá por los años 70, en el escándalo Watergate. Se lo consideraba como "la fuente anónima más famosa" en la historia de aquel país. El ex número 2 de la FBI Mark Felt –mundialmente conocido como Garganta profunda– murió este jueves a las 12.45 (hora local) en su residencia en California. Tenía 95 años y sufría de demencia.

Su hija, Joan Felt, afirmó que el ex agente se sentía bien durante la mañana e, incluso, jugó con la persona que lo cuidaba. En una entrevista telefónica, contó que su padre se acostó a dormir tras desayunar. "Simplemente se fue", declaró después.

Garganta profunda fue la fuente más importante que los periodistas del diario The Washington Post, Bob Woodward y Carl Bernstein, tuvieron para sacar a la luz el emblemático escándalo de Watergate. Todo comenzó en junio de 1972, cuando supuestos ladrones intentaron irrumpir en el hotel donde se realizaba la convención del partido demócrata.

Felt comenzó a filtrar información a los periodistas del matutino y les dijo que los delincuentes eran, en realidad, agentes que el presidente republicano Nixon había mandado para espiar y sabotear la reunión del partido opositor. La crisis política fue tan grande que, el 9 de agosto de 1974, Nixon quedó acorralado y renunció a la presidencia.

Su verdadera identidad se mantuvo en secreto por casi 30 años. Recién en junio de 2005, Felt reveló su identidad a la revista Vanity Fair, lo que también fue confirmado por Woodward y Bernstein.















BEATO URBANO V
Papa
(1310-1370)

"Mas que a cualquiera otra ciudad tú estás unido a Roma" le escribía Francisco Petrarca al benedictino francés Guillermo de Grimoardo, elegido al solio pontificio el 28 de septiembre de 1362, a pesar de no ser ni cardenal ni obispo. Había nacido en el castillo de Grisac, en Languedoc, en 1310, de noble familia; muy joven entró donde los benedictinos del priorato de Chirac, en donde recibió una sólida cultura. Se doctoró en derecho canónico y civil, y luego enseñó en Montpellier, Tolosa y Aviñón, antes de recibir de la Curia pontificia varios cargos come delegado en Milán y en Nápoles a donde le llegó el nombramiento como sumo pontífice.

Fue consagrado obispo en Aviñón y ese mismo día, 6 de noviembre de 1362, era coronado Papa con el nombre de Urbano V. Las esperanzas de un regreso del Papa a Roma de la que muchos cristianos llamaban la "esclavitud babilonia" parecieron realizarse inmediatamente. La citada carta de Petrarca es un eco de esta vivísima esperanza. Este Papa activísimo y piadoso demostró inmediatamente cualidades de hombre de gobierno y mano firme en la conducción de la barca de Pedro, en una época tan difícil para la vida interna de la Iglesia.

No subió sólo metafóricamente sobre la "barca". Cinco años después de su elevación al solio pontificio, y precisamente el 30 de abril de 1367, se embarcaba con toda la Curia en una verdadera flota de galeras, y se dirigía a Roma. Después de una escala en Génova y otra en Viterbo, el Papa podía finalmente volver a poner pie en la Ciudad Eterna, el 16 de septiembre del mismo año, en donde fue recibido por el pueblo con mucha fiesta. Pocos días después, Roma "estaba totalmente llena de obras" como escribía Coluccio Salutati. Pero más que a la restauración de las cosas materiales el santo pontífice se preocupó por la reconstrucción espiritual de la Iglesia, promoviendo la unidad entre los cristianos, que pareció llevarse a cabo con la unión de la Iglesia griega a la latina en 1369.

Infortunadamente la pacificación de los ánimos en los Estados pontificios duró poco, y el 7 de abril de 1370 Urbano V dejaba nuevamente a Roma para regresar a Aviñón, a pesar de las súplicas y las exhortaciones de muchos, entre otros de Santa Brígida que lo alcanzó en cercanías del lago de Bolsena, y le predijo que moriría muy pronto si regresaba a Aviñón. En efecto, murió el 19 de Diciembre de ese mismo año. Esta nueva decisión, debida a situaciones particulares históricas, no empaña los grandes méritos de su pontificado, que duró ocho años, al que se le atribuye una eficaz reforma de las costumbres y un incremento particular de la doctrina cristiana y de los estudios en general.



San Urbano V, papa (-1370)
19 de diciembre

Hacía 60 años que los papas vivían en Avignón, Francia, cuando fue elegido Pontífice un benedictino que gobernó la Iglesia con el nombre de Urbano V. La permanencia del papa fuera de Roma fue funesta para la Iglesia. Urbano quiso terminar con ese destierro y puso al frente de los Estados Pontificios al cardenal español Albornoz que redujo con las armas a los tiranuelos de los reinos de Italia. Vuelto a Roma, Urbano restauró la Urbe en ruinas, reformó el clero y envió misioneros a remotos lugares del mundo. Logró que los orientales volvieran al seno de la Iglesia Católica y comenzó una cruzada contra los turcos que invadían las naciones cristianas. Muerto Albornoz, nuevos tiranos se apoderaron del país y Urbano, por no derramar sangre, volvió a Avignón. Murió el 19 de diciembre de 1370.




VASJA PIRC





Vasja Pirc nació el 19 de diciembre de 1907 y murió el 3 de junio de 1980. Se proclamó cinco veces campeón de Yugoslavia, cuatro en los años 30 y 1953. Sólo esto le convierte en un gran jugador, ya que el ajedrez balcánico es uno de los más fuertes del mundo.

Pirc no obtuvo el título de Gran Maestro hasta que tuvo 46 años. Sus mejores éxitos deportivos los obtuvo en la década de los años 30. Quedó segundo de Budapest en 1934, por detrás de Lílienthal y por delate de Flohr. Fue primero en Novi Sad 1936 y Lodz 1938. Empató un encuentro con Euwe (+2 -2 =6) en 1948. Participó en seis olimpiadas entre 1931 y 1954.

Además de gran jugador Pirc destacó en la faceta pedagógica. Sus manuales fueron estudiados por fortísimas generaciones de ajedrecistas que le siguieron.

Pero Vasja Pirc es famoso, sobre todo, por su sistema de defensa, la defensa Pirc. La idea había sido ensayada por Paulsen, pero era considerada una defensa inferior. Pirc incorporó nuevas ideas, y la revitalizó, gracias a los principios de la escuela hipermoderna.





Anastasio I (Papa)
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Anastasio I



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39º Papa de la Iglesia Católica
27 de noviembre de 399 – 19 de diciembre de 401
Predecesor Siricio
Sucesor Inocencio I

Nombre Anastasio
Nacimiento ¿?
Anastasio I, 39º papa de la Iglesia Católica entre 399 y 401.

Condenó a Orígenes por algunas de las exageraciones hechas en sus comentarios bíblicos. También escribió varias cartas a las iglesias de África en contra del cisma donatista. Le sucedió en el papado su hijo, Inocencio I.

Anastasio murió el 19 de diciembre de 401. Hasta 1922 su muerte era conmemorada el 27 de abril, cuando fue trasladada a su fecha correcta.





Marcello Mastroianni
AKA Marcello Vincenzo Domenico Mastroianni

Born: 28-Sep-1924
Birthplace: Fontana Liri, Italy
Died: 19-Dec-1996
Location of death: Paris, France
Cause of death: Cancer - Pancreatic


Gender: Male
Race or Ethnicity: White
Sexual orientation: Straight
Occupation: Actor

Nationality: Italy
Executive summary: The Pizza Triangle

Wife: Flora Carabella (m. 1948, until his death, one daughter)
Daughter: Barbara
Slept with: Catherine Deneuve (actress, one daughter)
Daughter: Chiara Mastroianni (actress, b. 28-May-1972)


University: University of Rome


Risk Factors: Smoking


FILMOGRAPHY AS ACTOR
Voyage to the Beginning of the World (5-May-1997)
According to Pereira (7-Mar-1996)
Beyond the Clouds (3-Sep-1995)
A Hundred and One Nights of Simon Cinema (25-Jan-1995)
Prêt-à-Porter (25-Dec-1994)
Un, deux, trois, soleil (18-Aug-1993)
I Don't Want to Talk About It (20-May-1993)
Used People (16-Dec-1992)
Everybody's Fine (7-Sep-1990)
What Time Is It? (Sep-1989)
Dark Eyes (9-Sep-1987)
Intervista (18-May-1987) Himself
Ginger & Fred (13-Jan-1986)
Macaroni (24-Oct-1985)
Gabriela, Cravo e Canela (1983)
That Night in Varennes (15-May-1982)
Fantasma d'Amore (3-Apr-1981)
City of Women (28-Mar-1980)
Stay As You Are (14-Sep-1978)
Bye Bye Monkey (1978)
A Special Day (17-May-1977)
The Divine Nymph (Jun-1976)
We All Loved Each Other So Much (21-Dec-1974) Himself
Don't Touch the White Woman! (23-Jan-1974)
Massacre in Rome (4-Oct-1973)
La Grande bouffe (17-May-1973)
Allonsanfan (1973)
What? (7-Dec-1972)
Sunflower (14-Mar-1970)
The Pizza Triangle (18-Jan-1970)
The Stranger (1967)
Poppies Are Also Flowers (22-Apr-1966)
The 10th Victim (1-Dec-1965)
Marriage Italian-Style (18-Dec-1964)
Yesterday, Today and Tomorrow (19-Dec-1963)
8 1/2 (14-Feb-1963)
A Very Private Affair (31-Jan-1962)
Divorce, Italian Style (20-Dec-1961)
La Notte (24-Jan-1961)
Il Bell'Antonio (4-Mar-1960)
La Dolce Vita (3-Feb-1960)
Big Deal on Madonna Street (30-Jun-1958)
White Nights (6-Sep-1957)








Ramillete espiritual: «Si decimos que no tenemos pecado, nos engañamos a nosotros mismos, y la verdad no está en nosotros.» I Jn 1, 8






John Bigelow
Born: 25-Nov-1817
Birthplace: Bristol, NY
Died: 19-Dec-1911
Location of death: New York City
Cause of death: unspecified


Gender: Male
Race or Ethnicity: White
Sexual orientation: Straight
Occupation: Author, Diplomat

Nationality: United States
Executive summary: Ambassador to France, memoirist

American journalist and diplomat, born at Maiden, New York, on the 25th of November 1817. He graduated at Union College in 1835, practiced law in New York for several years after 1839; took up journalistic work; was joint owner (with William Cullen Bryant) and managing editor of the New York Evening Post (1849-61); was United States consul at Paris in 1861-64, and was Ambassador to France in 1865-1866. While consul, Bigelow wrote Les États-Unis d'Amérique en 1863 in order to counteract the apparent desire of the French people for a dissolution of the American Union, by showing them the relative importance of the commerce of the northern and southern states. On discovering in 1863 that a French shipbuilder, with the connivance of Napoleon III, was constructing two formidable iron-clads and two corvettes for the use of the Confederacy, he devoted his energies to thwarting this scheme, and succeeded in preventing the delivery of all but one of these vessels to the Confederate agents. In his work entitled France and the Confederate Navy (1888) he gives an account of this episode. In 1865-66, it devolved upon Bigelow, as Ambassador to France, to represent his government in its delicate negotiations concerning the French occupation of Mexico, and he discharged this difficult task with credit. From 1875 to 1877 he served as Secretary of State of New York. He wrote books of travel, of popular biography, or of historical or political discussion, etc., from time to time; but his principal literary achievements were editions, between 1868 and 1888, of Benjamin Franklin's autobiography and autobiographical writings, copiously annotated; and of the complete works of Franklin, in ten octavo volumes (New York, 1887-89). These editions were based in part upon the editor's personal investigations of manuscript sources in France and elsewhere, and supplanted the well-known, long serviceable, but less accurate edition of Jared Sparks (Boston, 1836-40); they have in turn been supplanted by the edition of A. H. Smythe (10 vols., 1905-07). Bigelow was a close friend of Samuel J. Tilden, and became his literary executor, editing his speeches and other political writings (1885), publishing a biography in 1895, and editing a two-volume collection of Tilden's letters and literary memorials (1908). He also wrote a biography of William Cullen Bryant (1890).

Wife: Jane Tunis Poultney (m. 11-Jun-1850)
Son: John Bigelow (10th US Cavalry)
Son: Poultney Bigelow (journalist/author, b. 1855, d. 1954)
Daughter: Grace


University: Union College (1835)


US Ambassador to France 23-Apr-1865 to 23-Dec-1866
State Secretary of State New York (1867-68)
The New York Evening Post Co-Owner, Managing Editor (1849-61)


Author of books:
France and the Confederate Navy, 1862–1868 (1888)
The Mystery of Sleep (1897)
Retrospections of an Active Life (1909–13, memoir, 5 vols.)




Emily Brontë
AKA Emily Jane Brontë

Born: 30-Jul-1818
Birthplace: Thornton, Yorkshire, England
Died: 19-Dec-1848
Location of death: Haworth, Yorkshire, England
Cause of death: Tuberculosis
Remains: Buried, Church of St. Michael and All Angels, Haworth, Yorkshire, England


Gender: Female
Race or Ethnicity: White
Sexual orientation: Asexual
Occupation: Novelist

Nationality: England
Executive summary: Wuthering Heights

Father: Patrick Brontë (clergyman, b. 17-Mar-1777, d. 7-Jun-1861)
Mother: Maria Branwell Brontë (b. 15-Apr-1783, m. 29-Dec-1812, d. 15-Sep-1821 uterine cancer)
Sister: Maria Brontë (b. Apr-1814, d. 6-Jun-1825 tuberculosis)
Sister: Elizabeth Brontë (b. 8-Feb-1815, d. 15-Jun-1825 tuberculosis)
Sister: Charlotte Brontë (author, b. 21-Apr-1816, d. 31-Mar-1855)
Brother: Branwell Brontë (poet-drunkard, b. 26-Jun-1817, d. 24-Sep-1848 bronchitis)
Sister: Anne Brontë (author, b. 17-Jan-1820, d. 28-May-1849 tuberculosis)


Irish Ancestry
English Ancestry


Author of books:
Wuthering Heights (1847, novel)


















What happened on December 19th



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Birthdates Which Occur on December 19:
1--- Princess Bernice Pauahi Bishop Hawaii
1036 Su Tung-p'o China, poet/essayist/painter/official
1498 Andreas Osiander German theologist (justice)
1676 Louis-Nicolas Cl‚rambault French organist/composer
1683 Phillip V 1st Bourbon king of Spain (1700-46)
1790 William Parry England, Arctic explorer
1792 Andries H Potgieter South African explorer
1814 Edwin McMasters Stanton Secy War (Union), died in 1869
1817 James Jay Archer Brig General (Confederate Army) died in 1864
1819 James Clifford Veatch Bvt Mjr Gen (Union volunteers), died in 1895
1821 Mary Ashton Livermore American reformer/women's suffrage leader
1837 John Carpenter Carter Brig General (Confederate Army), died in 1864
1849 Henry Clay Frick industrialist; worked for Carnegie
1852 Albert A Michelson established c as universal constant (Nobel 1907)
1861 Italo Svevo Trieste, novelist (La Coscienza di Zeno)
1865 Minnie Maddern Fiske US, stage actress (Hedy Gabler)
1875 Carter G Woodson Virginia, African American
1880 Klaus Painter reformed theologist (Christ & his suffering)
1883 Louis Davids [Simon David], cabaret performer/chorus performer
1884 Anton¡n Z potocky premier/president of Czechoslovakia
1888 Fritz Reiner Budapest Hungary, conductor (Pitts Symphony 1938-48)
1894 Ford C Frick baseball commissioner (1951-65)
19-- Jourdan Fremin New Orleans La, actress (At Ease)
and Klaus Eichstadt rocker (Ugly Kid Joe-Mad Man, Too Bad)
and Maria Martha Serralima Buenos Aires Argentina, entertainer
1901 Oliver Lafarge novelist (Laughing Boy)
1902 Ralph Richardson British actor (Anna Karenina, Dr Zhivago)
1906 H Allen Smith US, humorist/author (Low Man on Totem Pole)
and Leonid I Brezhnev Ukraine, 1st Secretary of USSR (1964-82)
1907 H Allen Smith Ill, TV host (Armchair Detective)
1910 Jean Genˆt France, novelist/playwright (The Blacks)
1915 Edith Piaf [E Giovanna Gassion], Paris, chanteuse (Little Sparrow)
1916 Adriaan van der Veen writer (Kom M˜ Niet Te Na)
and Hal Hastings NYC, orch leader (Chevrolet on Broadway)
1920 David Susskind NYC, TV host (Open End, David Susskind Show)
and Ragnild Hveger Denmark, 400m swimmer (Olympic-silver-1936)
1924 Edmund Purdom England, actor (Asissi Underground, Pieces)
1925 Jimmy Dickens Bolt WV, country singer (Grand Ole Opry)
1926 Bobby Layne NFL QB (Detroit Lions)
1928 Galt MacDermot Canada, composer (Letting Down My Hair)
1929 Herman T M Lauxtermann Dutch 2nd chamber member (VVD)
1933 Cecily Tyson Harlem NYC, actress (Roots, Miss Jane Pittman)
1934 Al Kaline Detroit Tigers slugger (AL bat champ 1955)
and Rudi Carrell [Rudolf W Kesselman], showmaster
1938 Barbara Steele Trenton Wirrall England, actress (Came from Within)
1939 Cicely Tyson NYC, actress (Autobiography of Miss Jane Pittman)
1940 Phil Ochs El Paso Tx, anti-war folk singer (Joe Hill, War is Over)
1941 Maurice White drummer (Earth, Wind & Fire-Spirit)
1943 William De Vries Bkln, surgeon-inventor (Symbion artifical heart)
1944 Tim Reid Norfolk VA, comedian (Venus Flytrap-WKRP, Frank's Place)
and Zal Yanovsky rock guitarist (Lovin' Spoonful-Do You Believe in Magic)
1945 Elaine Joyce Cleveland Ohio, actress (City of Angels, Mr Merlin)
1946 Marianne Faithfull Hampstead England, singer (Money, As Tears Go By)
and Robert Urich Toronto Ohio, actor (SWAT, Spenser for Hire, Vega$)
1947 Janie Fricke country singer (Country Music Best Female 1982, 83)
1949 Claudia A Kolb US, 200m breast stroke swimmer (Olympic-silver-1964)
1956 Alice Barrett NYC, actress (Frankie Frame-Another World)
1957 Doug Johnson rock keyboardist (Loverboy-Get Lucky)
and Kevin McHale NBA forward (Boston Celtics)
and Liz Glazowski Chicago Ill, playmate (April, 1980)
1958 Limahl British rocker (Kajagoogoo-Too Shy)
1960 Mike Lookinland Mt Pleasant Utah, actor (Bobby-Brady Bunch)
1962 Bettina Huebers Hamburg GFR, illegitimate daughter of Paul McCartney
1963 Jennifer Beals Chicago, actress (Flashdance, Bride)
1964 Beatrice Dalle Breast France, actress (Betty Blue, Sabbath)
1966 Robert MacNaughton NYC, actor (ET)
1969 Kristy Swanson actress (Knots Landing, Buffy Vampire Slayer)
1970 Zac Foley rock bassist (EMF-Unbelievable)
1971 Amy Locane Trenton NJ, actress (Andrea-Spencer, Sandy-Melrose Place)
1972 Alyssa Jane Milano Bkln NY, actress (Samantha-Who's the Boss)
Deaths Which Occured December 19:
401 Anastasius I Bishop of Rome (399-401), dies
1370 Urban V [Guillaume de Grimoard], 1st Avignon Pope (1362-70), dies
1554 Philips Willem prince of Orange, dies
1741 Vitus J Bering Dutch navigator & explorer, dies
1851 J M William Turner British painter (Rain, Steam & Speed), dies
1914 Johann F Ritter von Schulte German catholic lawyer, dies
1915 Alois Alzheimer German psychiatrist, dies
1939 Karl Wagenfeld Defeated German writer (Match, Death & devil), dies
1951 Barton Yarbrough actor (Dragnet), dies at 51
1953 Robert A Millikan US physicist (Nobel 1923), dies at 85
1959 Walter Williams claimed to be last survivor of Civil War, dies at 117
1968 Norman Thomas founder (ACLU)/Socialist Party (1926-55), dies at 84
1977 Nellie Tayloe Ross 1st woman governor dies at 101
1982 Jean-Jacques Grunenwald French organist/composer, dies at 71
1983 Raymond Massey actor (Dr Gillespie-Dr Kildaire), dies at 87
Holidays Which Occur December 19:
Hawaii Princess Bernice Pauahi Bishop's Birthday
Zanzibar Independence Day (1961)
Religious Observances on December 19:
Orth Feast of St Nicholas the Wonderworker (12/6 OS)
Things to Remember for December 19:
Flowers-narcissus, poinsettia & holly Gems-turquoise & zircon
National Indigestion Season
2 Days Astrological sign: Sagittarius
4 Days [ancient Rome] Saturnalia, festival honoring Saturn
[ancient Rome] Divalia



Highlights in History Which Occur December 19:
401 St Anastasius I ends his reign as Catholic Pope
1154 King Henry II of England crowned
1686 Robinson Crusoe leaves his island after 28 years (as per Defoe)
1732 Benjamin Franklin begins publication of "Poor Richard's Almanack"
1776 Thomas Paine publishes his 1st "American Crisis" essay
1777 Washington settles his troops at Valley Forge, Pa for winter
1795 1st state appropriation of money for road building, Kentucky
1823 Georgia passes 1st US state birth registration law
1828 South Carolina declares right of states to nullify federal laws
1842 US recognizes independence of Hawaii
1843 Charles Dickens publishes "A Christmas Carol," in England
1854 Allen Wilson of Conn patents sewing machine to sew curving seams
1859 Grading started for Market Street RR
1861 Battle of Black Water
1867 Victims of "Angola Horror" burned to death when derailed passenger
and Victims of "Angola Horror" burned to death (Angola NY)
car caught fire after crash and derailment. (Angola, New York)
1871 Albert Jones, NYC, patents corrugated paper
1881 Opera "H‚rodiade" is produced (Brussels)
1887 Jake Kilrain & Jem Smith fight 106 round bare knuckle draw
1889 Bishop Museum founded in Hawaii
1890 Start of Sherlock Holmes "Adventure of Beryl Coronet" (BG)
1891 1st Negro Catholic priest ordained in US, Charles Uncles, Baltimore
1894 A Charlois discovers asteroid #397 Vienna
1903 Williamsburg suspension bridge opens between Brooklyn & Manhattan
1904 Dawson City (Yukon) hockey team starts walking towards Seattle
to catch a train to Ottawa to play in Stanley Cup on Jan 13 1905
1907 Explosion at Jacobs Creek, Pa. coal mine kills 239.
and 239 workers died in a coal mine explosion in Jacobs Creek, Penn
and Gas explosion at Jacobs Creek Pa, coal mine kills 239
1910 1st city ordinace requiring white & black residential areas (Balt)
and Rayon 1st commercially produced, Marcus Hook, Penn
1913 A Massinger discovers asteroid #772 Tanete
and C Le Morvan discovers asteroid #774 Armor
1917 1st NHL game played on artificial ice (Toronto)
and Quebec Bulldogs play their 1st professional hockey game
1919 American Meteorological Society found
1920 1st US indoor curling rink opens (Brookline, Mass)
1922 Mrs Theres Vaughn, 24, confessed in court to being married 62 times
1928 1st autogiro (predecessor of helicopter) flight in US
1930 James Weldon Johnson resigns as executive secretary of NAACP
1931 Joseph A Lyons (C) becomes premier of Australia
1932 British Broadcasting Corp begins transmitting overseas
1933 Electric Home & Farm Authority Inc, authorized
1934 Japan agress to fleet treaty of 1922 & 1930
1939 Russian air raid on Finnish
1943 Military coup in Bolivia
1945 Austrian Republic re-establishes
1946 War breaks out in Indochina as Ho Chi Minh attacks French in Hanoi
1948 2nd political action of Java/Sumatra
and 8th largest snowfall in NYC history (15.3")
and Cleveland Browns beats Buffalo Bills 49-7 in AAFC championship game
and Phila Eagles shutout Chicago Cards 7-0 in NFL championship game
1949 WJW TV channel 8 in Cleveland, OH (CBS) begins broadcasting
1950 Gen Eisenhower named NATO commander
1952 Queen Juliana unveals statue "Docker"
1953 KFYR TV channel 5 in Bismarck, ND (NBC/ABC) begins broadcasting
1957 "Music Man," starring Robert Preston, opens on Broadway
1959 1st Liberty Bowl game-Penn State beats Alabama 7-0
1960 Fire aboard U.S.S. Constellation, under construction at Brooklyn
and Fire aboard USS Constellation, under construction at Bkln (50 die)
and Mercury-Redstone 1A reaches 210 km in test flight
Naval Shipyard kills 50, injures 150, causes $75 million damage.
1961 British govt begins decimal coin system
1962 Nyasaland secedes from Rhodesia & Nyasaland
and Street signs in Golden Gate Park approved by Park Commission
and Transit 5A1, 1st operational navigational satellite, launched
1963 Zanzibar becomes independent from UK
1968 WCWB (now WMGT) TV channel 41 in Macon, GA (NBC) begins broadcasting
1969 Beatle's 7th Christmas album is released
1971 NASA launches Intelsat 4 F-3 for COMSAT Corp
1972 Apollo 17 (last of Apollo Moon landing series) returns to Earth
1973 Grenada adopts constitution
and P Wild discovers asteroid #1937 Locarno
1974 "Man With Golden Gun" premiers in US
and Dave Kryskow scores Washington Capitals 1st NHL shorthanded goal
and Nelson A Rockefeller sworn-in as 41st VP
and Purple Mountain Observatory discovers asteroid #3051
1975 John Paul Stevens becomes a Supreme Court Justice
1980 Anguilla becomes a British dependency separate from St Kitts
and Iran requests $24 billion in US guarantees to free hostages
and Mutaual Broadcasting cancels Sears Radio Theater
1984 Fire at Wilberg Mine in central Utah killed 27 people
and Scotty Bowman becomes NHL's all time winningest coach
and UK signs agreement with China to return Hong Kong to China in 1997
and Wayne Gretzky becomes 18th NHLer to score 1,000 points
1985 STS 61-C scrubbed at T -13s because of SRB auxiliary power problem
1986 USSR frees dissident Andrei Sakharov from internal exile
1987 Bruins' Linseman & Blues' Doug Gilmore score goals, 2 seconds apart
1988 NASA unviels plans for lunar colony & manned missions to Mars
and Oklahoma's College football team gets 3 year probation
and Unexploded WW II bomb found in Frankfurt, Germany-5,000 evacuated
1989 American Airlines purchases Eastern Airline's Latin American route
and Larry Bird (Celtics) begins NBA free throw streak of 71 games
1991 6,000th episode of One Life To Live
and Boris Yeltsin takes control of Kremlin
and NY Yankee pitcher Steve Howe arrested for cocaine possession